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The transportation sector is a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, accounting for approximately 14% of all emissions. The use of fossil fuels in transportation has been identified as a significant contributor to climate change, and as such, there has been a push to find cleaner and more sustainable modes of transportation. Hybrid cars are one of the options that have gained popularity in recent years due to their potential to reduce emissions and improve fuel efficiency. In this article, we will explore what hybrid cars are, how they work, and their advantages and disadvantages. What are Hybrid Cars? A hybrid car is a vehicle that uses two or more power sources to propel it. These power sources typically include a gasoline engine and an electric motor, with the latter being powered by a battery. The two power sources work together to propel the car, with the electric motor assisting the gasoline engine during acceleration and providing power during deceleration. When the car is at rest, the gasoline engine is turned off, and the electric motor takes over, providing power to the car's accessories. How do Hybrid Cars Work? Hybrid cars use a technology called regenerative braking to capture the energy that is normally lost during braking. When the driver applies the brakes, the electric motor switches from providing power to the wheels to working as a generator, converting the kinetic energy of the car's motion into electrical energy. This energy is then stored in the battery, where it can be used later to power the electric motor. This technology helps to improve the car's fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. Hybrid cars also use a technology called start-stop, which shuts off the gasoline engine when the car is stopped, such as at a red light. This helps to reduce emissions and save fuel since the engine is not idling and burning unnecessary fuel. When the driver takes their foot off the brake, the engine restarts automatically, allowing the car to move again. Advantages of Hybrid Cars: Improved Fuel Efficiency: Hybrid cars are more fuel-efficient than traditional gasoline-powered cars. Since they use both an electric motor and a gasoline engine, they are able to achieve better fuel economy by using the electric motor to assist the gasoline engine when accelerating and during other times when extra power is needed. Reduced Emissions: Hybrid cars produce fewer emissions than traditional gasoline-powered cars. Since the electric motor assists the gasoline engine, the engine has to work less, resulting in lower emissions. Additionally, the regenerative braking technology used by hybrid cars helps to capture energy that would normally be lost during braking, reducing emissions even further. Tax Incentives: In many countries, governments offer tax incentives to people who purchase hybrid cars. These incentives can include tax credits, rebates, or other benefits that help to offset the higher cost of purchasing a hybrid car compared to a traditional gasoline-powered car. Quieter Operation: Since hybrid cars use an electric motor, they tend to be much quieter than traditional gasoline-powered cars. This makes them an attractive option for people who want a quieter driving experience. Disadvantages of Hybrid Cars: Higher Cost: Hybrid cars tend to be more expensive than traditional gasoline-powered cars. This is because they use more advanced technology, including an electric motor and a battery, which adds to the cost of the vehicle. Limited Range: Hybrid cars typically have a limited range compared to traditional gasoline-powered cars. This is because they rely on a battery to power the electric motor, and once the battery is depleted, the car must switch back to the gasoline engine. This means that hybrid cars may not be the best option for people who need to travel long distances without the ability to recharge the battery. Limited Availability: While hybrid cars have become more popular in recent years, they are still not as widely available as